EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The banking structure in Pakistan comprises of the following types, State Bank of Pakistan, Commercial Bank of Pakistan; Exchange Banks, Saving banks, Cooperative banks, specialized credit institutions. The state bank of Pakistan is the Central bank of the country and was established on July 01, 1948. The network of bank branches now covers a very large segment of national economy. The State Bank of Pakistan issues the shares of these periodically. Bank employees and other common peoples can also purchase these shares and earn profit.
To open an account the customer has to meet the general banking manager with an introducer. The procedure begins with the punching of account opening form to the customer file i.e. customer’s master file. Before closing any account, bank send letter to the account hold for informing him that his account is going to be closed. There is need an approval form higher authority to close any account. Current deposits are those which are payable to bank whenever demanded by the customer. Bank does not pay any profit on current deposits. The following are the financial products/services of PLS Account, Saving Account, Term deposit and Foreign currency accounts.
In remittance department like any other BANK AL-FALAH also have instruments for transferring of money, Telegraphic Transfer, Mail Transfer. In cash department both deposits and withdrawals go side by side. This department works under the CD In charge and deals with cash deposits and payments. This department maintains the following sheets, books, and ledger of account cash received voucher sheet.
Cash paid voucher sheet, Paying-in-slip, Cheque Book, Cash balance book. The clearing in Karachi at BANK AL-FALAH or other banks is being done through NIFT (National Institute of Facilitation Technology).
Bank provides this facility to the people who need advance money to meet their requirement. Party dealing with other banks financial condition of borrower business and as a first step credit proposal is being made. BANK AL-FALAH provides advances, which are two types. Secured Advances, Unsecured Advances. BANK AL-FALAH usually classified advances in to following types Commercial Advances, Corporate/SME’s Advances, Agricultural Advances. Commercial Advances are of following types Demand Finance, Cash Finance, Export Refinance Part I (Pre Shipment) & others. Banks Agriculture division deals with the agriculture advances. Bank provides the Agriculture Advances in order to enhance and support the agriculture sector of the country. Farm Credit & Non Farm Credit.
In foreign exchange, BANK AL-FALAH is dealing Foreign Currency Accounts, Foreign Remittances, and Foreign Bills for Collection, Imports & Exports
Foreign currency accounts & the foreign currency department deals with the following types of accounts, Current account, Saving bank account, Term deposit. Foreign accounts are convertible on floating rate available to the bank. Letter Of Credit facility is being provided by BANK AL-FALAH in foreign exchange.
what is BANK?
It has not so far been decided as to how the word ‘Bank’ originated. Some authors opine that this word is derived from the words ‘Bancus’ or Banque’ which mean a bench. Other authorities hold the opinion that the word ‘Bank’ is derived from the German word ‘Back’, which means ‘joint stock fund’. It is therefore, not possible to decide as to which of the opinion is correct, for no record is available to ascertain the validity of any of the opinions
The term bank is being used for a long time yet it has no precise definition. The basic reason is that the banks perform not just one but many types of functions originally the banks were supposed to make short term loans to the traders only. The banks now not only make short term loans to the formers, traders , industrialist etc. But also invest in a wide variety of long term earning assets.
The commercial banks also undertake and execute trust, deal in stock, shares and debentures, issue guaranties and indemnities underwrite and sell new securities, and deal in foreign exchange etc.
Banking industry acts as life-blood of modern trade and commerce acting as a bridge to provide a major source of financial intermediation.
However some of the definitions of bank from different authors are as follows.
Depository financial institution: a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities; "he cashed a check at the bank"; "that bank holds the mortgage on my home"
According to Dr. Hart
“Banker or bank is a person
or company carrying on business of
receiving money and collecting drafts for the
customers subject to the obligation of honouring cheques
drawn upon them from time to time by
customers to the extends of
the amounts available
on their currents
accounts”
In the words of G W Gilbert
“A banker is a dealer in capital
or more properly a dealer in money.
He is an intermediate party between the borrower and lender.
He borrows one party and
lends to the
another”
types of BANKs
Central bank or state bank.
Commercial bank.
Exchange bank.
Industrial bank.
Agriculture bank.
Investment bank.
Saving bank.
CENTRAL BANK
Every country has its central bank or state bank. Its major function is to carry out a country’s monetary policy with an aim to safeguard its financial and economic stability. It has the monopoly of note issue. It is also the custodian of money market. State bank is the Banks bank and lender to the government.
COMMERCIAL BANK
Commercial banks are profit earning concerns. They receive deposits and advance loans to the borrows. They greatly help in financing for internal and external trade of the country.
EXCHANGE BANK
The main function of the exchange bank is to finance the foreign trade by the purchase and sale of foreign currencies in the form of drafts, bills of exchange, telegraphic transfers. They also perform the function of commercial bank. Receiving deposits and advancing loans.
INDUSTRIAL BANKS
Commercial bank cannot afford to block their funds in long term investments. The industrial banks receive long term deposits and finance the industries by providing them long term credits. In Pakistan the Industrial bank named as Industrial Development Bank of Pakistan (I.D.B.P) was established in 1961 for this purpose.
AGRICULTURAL BANK
Agricultural bank provides short and long period loans for financing agriculture. The agriculturists need short and long term loans for meeting their day to day and long term requirements for making permanent improvement in the land. In Pakistan Agricultural Bank is named as Agricultural Development bank of Pakistan (A.D.B.P) and it was established in 1961
INVESTMENT BANK
The main function of investment bank the merchandising of shares and other securities, managing and distributing the issue of shares and other securities.
SAVING BANKS
These are the institutions which are sponsored by the government for having facilities to the people and small means. These bank collect small saving of people and allow them to withdraw in small amounts. Also another institution i.e. National Savings is working in the same capacity.
List of BANKs in pakistan
The market for banks is diverse in Pakistan comprising nationalized commercial banks (NCBs), Private Banks and foreign banks. In 1993, there were 33 commercial banks in Pakistan 14 being local and 19 foreign. By the end of 2001, the number of banks has increased to 43, 24 being local and 19 as foreign.
List of Banks studied with their ownership forms
history of BANKing in pakistan
Banking in fact is primitive as human society, for ever since man came to realize the importance of money as a medium of exchange; the necessity of a controlling or regulating agency or institution was naturally felt. Perhaps it was the Babylonians who developed banking system as early as 2000 BC. IT is evident that the temples of Babylon were used as ‘Banks’ because of the prevalent respect and confidence in the clergy.
The partition plan was announced on June 3, 1947 and August 15, 1949 was fixed as the date on which independence was to take effect. It was decided that the Reserve bank of India should continue to function in the dominion of Pakistan until September 30, 1948 due to administrative and technical difficulties involved in immediately establishing and operating a Central Bank.
At the time of partition, total number of banks in Pakistan were 38 out of these the commercial banks in Pakistan were 2, which were Habib Bank Limited and Australia Bank of India. The total deposits in Pakistani banks stood at Rs.880 million whereas the advances were Rs.198 million. The Governor General of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah issued the order for the establishment of State Bank of Pakistan on 1st of July 1948.
In 1949, National Bank of Pakistan was established. It started with six offices in former East Pakistan. There were 14 Pakistani scheduled commercial banks operating in the country on December 1973, the name of these were:
v Habib Bank Limited
v Habib Bank (Overseas) Limited
v United Bank Limited
v Muslim Commercial Bank Limited
v Commerce Bank Limited
v Australia Bank Limited
v Standard Bank Limited
v Bank of Bahawalpur Limited
v Premier Bank Limited
v Pak Bank Limited
v Lahore Commercial Bank Limited
v Sarhad Bank Limited
v Punjab Provincial Co-operative Bank Limited
The Pakistan Banking Council prepared banks amalgamation schemes in 1974 for amalgamation of smaller banks with the five bigger banks of the country. These five banks are as under:
v National Bank of Pakistan
v Habib Bank Limited
v United Bank Limited
v Muslim Commercial Bank Limited
v Allied Bank Limited
So, through the Nationalization of Bank Act 1974, the State Bank of Pakistan, all the commercial banks incorporated in Pakistan and carrying on business in or outside the country were brought under the government ownership with effect from Jan. 1, 1974. The ownership, management, and control of all banks in Pakistan stood transferred to and vested in the Federal Government. The Finance Minister announced plans to start Islamic Banking system in Pakistan in the budget speech on June 26, 1980, but it could not be possible till August, 2003.
state BANK of pakistan
The State Bank of Pakistan is the central bank of the country. Usually the starting point for a central bank is a banking system that is already in place - the banking system necessitates the presence of a central bank. But the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) is unique in the sense that it started its function in a newly born country, where it also had to shoulder responsibilities of developing and rehabilitating a banking system and the economy, in addition to the traditional central banking functions. Performance of the Bank since its inception in 1948, as reviewed in subsequent pages, shows that it has faced all the challenges with a great zeal and commitment. The founders of the Bank set a multi-dimensional target before it that included not only regulation of the monetary and credit system but also the growth of this system. The vision of its founders was a stable monetary system in Pakistan with fuller utilization of the country’s productive resources (SBP Act, 1956).
In order to achieve the goals set before it, the State Bank of Pakistan performed all the traditional and non-traditional functions. The traditional functions, which are generally performed by central banks all over the world, are classified into two groups;
v the primary functions including issue of notes, regulation of the financial system, lender of the last resort, and conduct of monetary policy,
v the secondary functions including management of public debt, management of foreign exchange, advising the Government on policy matters, anchoring payments system, and maintaining close relationships with international financial institutions.
In the subsequent page, all these functions are shown in a flow chart
Our Vision
To transform SBP into a modern
and dynamic central bank, highly
professional and efficient, fully
equipped to play a meaningful role,
on sustainable basis, in the economic
and social development of Pakistan
Our Mission
To promote monetary and
financial stability and foster a
sound and dynamic financial
system, so as to achieve sustained
and equitable economic growth
and prosperity in Pakistan.
Governors of the SBP
nift-national institutional facilitation technologies
NIFT-National Institutional Facilitation Technologies (Pvt.). Ltd. was incorporated in September 1995 as joint venture between a consortium of six banks and entrepreneurs from the private sector. All commercial banks and all of branches in major cities avail NIFT’s services. As of June 2005, 43 commercial banks and their 3000 branches in 9 major cities utilize NIFT’s services.
NIFT has setup elaborate data centers geared to provide automated services for document processing particularly in the payment arena. Modern image based facilities have been established at Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad, Peshawar, Rawalpindi, Hyderabad, Multan, Faisalabad and Quetta. The services include cheques clearing, collection & delivery, reconciliation, ‘return’ (unpaid) cheques processing, same day clearing (express – 2 hrs. clearing service), intercity clearing and inter branch & inter bank settlement. Services are provided at individual branch level to over 3000 branches in nine major cities and 30 smaller cities.
NIFT also provides exclusive item processing services to financial institutions and turnkey clearing preparation support to selected banks.
NIFT, e-TRUST a division of NIFT is a Certification Authority of Pakistan. This division has establishes facilities to provide PKI (public key infrastructure) based security solutions for e-business, e-commerce, e-banking and e-government as an affiliate of VERISIGN Inc USA and WORLDeTRUST, Geneva.
ISM - NIFT has incorporated an wholly owned subsidiary ‘Image Systems Marketing (Pvt.) Ltd.’ (ISM) to offer image archiving and data warehousing services to large corporations. For this purpose reseller agreements have been signed with corporations in USA and Europe to offer services in Pakistan, Bangladesh, Gulf and Middle East.
Mission
We will draw from the respect we have earned as Trusted Third Party Processor and will become a distinctive organization known for innovative use of technology to continually improve products and services for the benefit of our customers and their customers and keep them abreast with times to compete in the global society.
We focus on our customers as an active component in growth process. We continue to offer services that expand their access to excellent and affordable technologies. Our qualified and experienced workforce must work closely with our customers to continually enhance their confidence and trust in us.
islamic BANKing in pakistan
Islamic banking has been defined as banking in consonance with the ethos and value system of Islam and governed, in addition to the conventional good governance and risk management rules, by the principles laid down by Islamic Shariah. Interest free banking is a narrow concept denoting a number of banking instruments or operations, which avoid interest. Islamic banking, the more general term is expected not only to avoid interest-based transactions, prohibited in the Islamic Shariah, but also to avoid unethical practices and participate actively in achieving the goals and objectives of an Islamic economy.
Steps for Islamization of banking and financial system of Pakistan were started in 1977-78. Pakistan was among the three countries in the world that had been trying to implement interest free banking at comprehensive/national level. But as it was a mammoth task, the switchover plan was implemented in phases. The Islamization measures included the elimination of interest from the operations of specialized financial institutions including HBFC, ICP and NIT in July 1979 and that of the commercial banks during January 1981 to June 1985. The legal framework of Pakistan's financial and corporate system was amended on June 26, 1980 to permit issuance of a new interest-free instrument of corporate financing named Participation Term Certificate (PTC). An Ordinance was promulgated to allow the establishment of Mudaraba companies and floatation of Mudaraba certificates for raising risk based capital. Amendments were also made in the Banking Companies Ordinance, 1962 (The BCO, 1962) and related laws to include provision of bank finance through PLS, mark-up in prices, leasing and hire purchase.
Modes of Islamic Banking in Pakistan
v Ijarah
v Ijarah-wal-iqtina
v Musawamah
v ISTISNA A
v MUDARABAH
v MUSHARAKAH
the bank Al-Falah limited
Bank Al-Falah Limited was incorporated on June 21st, 1997 as a public limited company under the Companies Ordinance 1984. Its banking operations commenced from November 1st, 1997. The bank is engaged in commercial banking and related services as defined in the Banking companies ordinance, 1962. The Bank is currently operating through 104 branches in 36 cities, with the registered office at B.A.Building, I.I.Chundrigar, Karachi.
Since its inception, as the new identity of H.C.E.B after the privatization in 1997, the management of the bank has implemented strategies and policies to carve a distinct position for the bank in the market place.
Strengthened with the banking of the Abu Dhabi Group and driven by the strategic goals set out by its board of management, the Bank has invested in revolutionary technology to have an extensive range of products and services.
This facilitates our commitment to a culture of innovation and seeks out synergies with clients and service providers to ensure uninterrupted services to its customers. We perceive the requirements of our customers and match them with quality products and service solutions. During the past five years, we have emerged as one of the foremost financial institution in the region endeavoring to meet the needs of tomorrow today.
This facilitates our commitment to a culture of innovation and seeks out synergies with clients and service providers to ensure uninterrupted services to its customers. We perceive the requirements of our customers and match them with quality products and service solutions. During the past five years, we have emerged as one of the foremost financial institution in the region endeavoring to meet the needs of tomorrow today.
Bank Al-Falah limited was incorporated on June 21, 1992 as a public limited Companies Ordinance 1984 and commenced banking operation from Nov 1, 1992. The bank is growing rapidly in its equity & asset base due to strategic managerial policies and assistance of Abu Dhabi Group.
The strength and standing of Abu Dhabi Group, principal owners of BAL have helped Bank Al-Falah Limited launch high quality consumer and corporate banking operation in Pakistan. Bank Al-Falah Ltd has embarked upon a rapid expansion program to make sure that our services reach more and more peoples. We are headed towards an optimum sized network reaching major urban centers in Pakistan and soon to go International.
ATM machines locations have been increased inmost of the branches but still need to expand their network in every branch and collaboration with other commercial banks in ATM services. It is also introducing a new; more advanced and latest funds settlement computerized SWIFT program in late 2002. Which is a strong point of BAL that makes it a sophisticated and highly technological oriented bank?
Regarding the investment and deposits portfolios BAL is playing dynamic strategies to diversity their funds in more productive assets like; investment in T. Bills and export related concerns, which are producing healthy profits. But all this goes to the staff of Bank Al-Falah Ltd bank that is more proficient and good risk managers.
BAL has numerous opportunities in future to increase the volume of business because it has options to tap the market of its own peer units (Al-Falah Car Financing, Al-Falah Visa, & also Al-Falah Home Finance etc) beside BAL has strong assets base, it can diversify its funds in more lending & investment opportunities live; Petroleum concerns, financial derivatives business through treasury.
In nutshell, BAL has been performing very well since its birth. All financial institutions of Pakistan regarding commercial banking concerns give Bank Al-Falah Ltd as a leading bank in domestic sector title. Through SWOT analysis we have found that BAL has competitive edge over other peer banks and it wants to tap the prospects of foreign banks to achieve long-term objectives of the bank it ought to have astute, well-designed, comprehensive and dynamic frame of undertaking which might be established after diagnosing the conditions of country and drawbacks due to which it lags behind.
Title, Logo and slogan
Title of Bank Al-Falah
Logo of Bank Al-Falah
Slogan of Bank Al-Falah
vision and mission statement
Vision
Mission Statement
head office at glance
Head Office of Bank Al-Falah | |
Bank Name: | Bank Al-Falah |
URL: | |
Email | |
STREET | B.A. Building, I.I. Chundrigar Road |
CITY | Karachi |
STATE | Sindh |
COUNTRY | Pakistan |
PHONE | 021-2414030 |
FAX | 021-2417006 |
TELEX | 29823 FALAH-PK |
BANK TYPE | Commercial Bank |
DATE UPDATE | Aug. 15, 2001 |
INTERNET BANKING | Yes |
Chundriger Road of Karachi has same importance in Pakistan’s economy as of the Wall Street in world economy. The divisions working under Bank Al-Falah Limited Head office are as follows:
Administration
Credit Management
Investment Banking
Human Resource
Information Technology
Corporate Planning & Budgeting
Finance & Treasury
International Division
Inspection & Audit
Law Division
Marketing & Development
Trustee Division
Under the President an Executive Committee and a Credit Committee works. All the matter of the bank join to the board of director are presented to the executive committee which is responsible for daily operation of the bank .The request for credit exceeding the General Manager power is approved by the Credit Committee. Under the area Executive is the General Manager who is the in charge of the Circle Office.
boardof directors
The board of directors has the authority in guiding Bank affairs and in making general policies. Some directors are the personnel of the Bank Al-Falah Limited follows.
chairman’s messege
Since the inception of Bank Al-Falah, by the grace of the Almighty, we have moved rapidly in expanding our branch network and deposit base, along with making profitable advances and increasing the range of products and services. We have made a break-through in providing premier services at an affordable cost to our customers.
Keeping in view our valued clients and the need for constant and effective communication of information, we have designed this website to be as user-friendly as possible.
As we pursue the path of excellence, customer satisfaction remains our priority. It is only when we know our customers better, can we deliver a higher quality of services, thereby adding synergy to our existing management expertise, financial strength and profitability.
This is yet another channel of communication for the delivery of quality products and services that enhance value to our stakeholders.
Keeping in view our valued clients and the need for constant and effective communication of information, we have designed this website to be as user-friendly as possible.
As we pursue the path of excellence, customer satisfaction remains our priority. It is only when we know our customers better, can we deliver a higher quality of services, thereby adding synergy to our existing management expertise, financial strength and profitability.
This is yet another channel of communication for the delivery of quality products and services that enhance value to our stakeholders.
H.E. Sheikh Hamdan bin Mubarak Al-Nahayan
Bank Al-Falah branch network
The Bank is fully aware that the branch network has direct implications on the services that it provides to its customers. We offer services through a network of 160 branches and 60 state of the art ATM machines.
· Islamic Banking Branches
· Overseas Branches
· ATM Machines
departments of Bank Al-Falah
As far as Bank Al-Falah Ltd is concerned, it is one of the top in all-domestic commercial banks in Pakistan. The rapid increase in branch network shows the Bank’s performance within seven years, which is worth considerable.
However, this branch works with mostly all banking operations, which are normally performed by every commercial bank. It has basically following departments under which it operates all functions of bank diligently. These are mainly:
1. Account opening department
2. Remittances department
3. Clearing department
4. Accounts department
5. Warid telecom department
6. Cash department
7. Car financing department
8. Credit department
9. Credit card department
10. Trade financing department
account opening department
This department is responsible for the opening and closing of accounts. In consideration of Bank Al-Falah Limited, opening and/or continuing to maintain any account, the Account Holder/Depositor or Investor would be bound by the terms and conditions written on the account opening form.
The first part establishes the preference regarding the type of account to be maintained. The various choices offered in this regard are:
· Saving/ PLS Account
· Royal Profit Account
· Term Deposit Account
· Basic Banking Account
Current Account
The current account is the most common account and the most preferred amongst business concerns. There is no restriction on the amount of withdrawal. Current account enables the client to do cash transactions in a more efficient manner.
Features:-
v Current Accounts can be opened in the BAL with the sum not less than Rs.10,00/-
v No Profit
v No deduction of Zakat
v Account close charges Rs.150
v Service charges for maintaining minimum balance Rs.100
v Online Charges Rs.100
Saving / PLS Account
In Pakistan (PLS) saving account was introduced in January 1982. Individuals who wish to invest their money in order to get profit maintain this account.
Features:-
v The minimum balance requirement for opening the account is Rs.5000.
v There can be profit or loss on the investment of the Customer’s funds deposited with the bank and this amount shall be acceptable to the Customer. The profit is paid half yearly.
v Deduction of Zakat
v With holding tax on profit @ 10%
v No Service Charges to close the account
v Service Charges for maintaining minimum Balance Rs.50
v Online Charges Rs.150
Royal Profit Account
Royal Profit is also opened in BAL and it is not the most common account. Royal profit has some features.
Features:-
v The minimum balance requirement for opening the account is Rs.50, 000.
v Profit on Monthly Basis
v Higher the amount higher the profit
v Deduction of Zakat and Withholding Tax
v No Service Charges on minimum balance requirement but no profit for that month.
v No Charges to close to Account
Term Deposit Account
A term deposit is a deposit that is made of a certain period of time. At the end of specific period the customer is allowed to with draw the principal amount.
Features:-
v Fixed Profit
v The longer the period for which the amount is kept higher is rate of interest.
v Term Deposit usually for the period of three months, six months, One year, and five years.
v Deduction of Zakat and withholding Tax @ 10%.
Basic Banking Account
Basic Banking Account is opened is BAL. The minimum amount deposit in this account is very small as compared to other accounts.
Features:-
v Minimum Deposit amount is Rs. 1000
v 1st two transactions is free of cost
v Bank can close the Account after six month if balance is zero.
Procedure of opening an account
The Account Opening Form:-
When a client comes to the bank, and makes a request for opening of an A/C. The officer says that first fill up a prescribed application form.
Completion of The Form:-
The name, occupation, and complete address of the person opening the account are written in the columns that are provided in the form. Signatures are obtained from the customer where it is required. These signatures should be usual signatures and he would operate the account with them.
Introduction:-
The introduction of a current account holder is accepted for the opening of either a current account or a saving account. The introducer should be Account Holder. The signature of the account-holder introducing the account is obtained at the place provided for in the account opening form.
Specimen Signature Card, Cheques Book Requisition, Online Form:-
The signatures of the client are obtained on a specimen Signature card Cheque book requisition and online form. These specimen signature cards are obtained in duplicate with two signatures on each card from the customer. Every time a Cheque is received for a payment from the client, the signature on the Cheque are verified by comparing them with the Specimen Signature Card.
Signature Difference Form:-
The signatures of the client are obtained on a signature difference form if his / her signatures differ from the computerized National Identity Card.
Vernacular Form:-
The signature of the customer is also obtained on the vernacular form if he / she signs in a language other than English.
Account Number:-
When all the formalities are completed then the final approval of account has to be taken from the Branch Manager. After obtaining approval of the branch manager an account number is allotted to the customer all the information is entered into the computer. Then that account number is written on the Cheque Book, Specimen Signature cards and account opening form.
Send the form to Head Office:-
After fulfill all the requirement and verify the form from operation manager the account opening form send to Head Office Karachi and make request to issue the printed cheque book.
Issuance Of A Cheque book:-
After opening an A/C with the bank, the A/C holder receive a letter of thanks from Head Office Karachi then after receiving this letter client come to bank and makes a request in the name of bank for the issuance of a Cheque book. The A/C holder mentions title of A/C, A/C number, signs it properly. Normally BAL issues a Cheque book having 25 leaves for Saving Account and 50 leaves Cheque Book to Current Account Holder. Every Cheque book also contains one leaf that is used for another issue of a Cheque book.
Entry Of A Cheque book:-
Before issuance of a Cheque book, the employee performs certain functions. They include:
Stamping requisition slip that is in Cheque book.
Enters it in the Cheque book issue register.
Check whether or not a senior officer has verified the signatures, if not then first gets them verified.
After entry in the manual register, the employee issues the Cheque book to the A/C holder with his/her signature on the register.
TYPES OF ACCOUNT
1. Accounts Of General Customers
Ø Minor Account
Ø Illiterate Person Account
Ø Joint Account
2. Accounts Of Special Customers
Ø Individual Account
Ø Proprietorship Account
Ø Partnership Account
Ø Limited Company’s Account
Ø Account of Club Societies and Association
Ø Agents Account
Ø Trust Account
Minor Account
Account Opening Procedure:-
The natural guardian who signs both Account Opening Form and Specimen Signature Card can open account in the name of minor.
Title of Account:-
The title of account should clearly indicate both the names of minor as well as guardian in the following manner:-
e.g. Imran Rafique ( minor) Muhammad Rafique (Guardian)
Special Instructions:-
The guardian will continue to operate the account even if minor attains the age of majority.
Documents:-
Ø Computerized National Identity Card of Guardian
Ø Form “B” of minor
Ø In case guardian is appointed by the court of law then attested copy of guardianship certificate be obtained and placed on record.
Illiterate Person Account
Before opening such account the illiterate person should be informed that he / she cannot issue Cheques in favor of any other person.
Account Opening Procedure:-Title of Account:-
Name of account holder should be written in block form.
Special Instructions:-
Personal Withdrawal
Documents:-
Ø Copy of Computerized National Identity Card
Ø Two attested photographs to be obtained for pasting on AOF and other on Specimen Signature Card.
Ø Thumb Impressions
Male -------- Left Hand Thumb Impression
Female ------- Right Hand Thumb Impression
Joint Account
These are the account of two or more persons who are neither partners nor trustees.
Account Opening Procedure:-
Title of Account:-
Title of account holder should mention the names of all the joint account holders.
Special Instruction:-
At the time of opening the account clear and specific instructions should be obtained regarding operation of the account and payment of the balance at the death of one or more joint account holders in the following manner:-
· The account shall be operated by any joint account holders singly.
· By either or survivor singly
· By any two or more joint account holders or by any two or more survivors jointly.
· By all the joint account holders jointly
· By all the survivors jointly.
These instructions as far as possible should be obtained in handwriting of the parties concerned, under the signature of all the joint account holders.
Documents:-
Ø Computerized national Identity Card of all the joint account holders.
Mode of Signature:-
Ø All joint account holders are required to sign as applicant and in the column of special instructions.
Ø Specimen Signature of only those joint account holders are required who are authorized to operate the account.
Individual Account
When a single man or woman opens an account in his or her own name and has the right to operate, it is called individual A/C.
[
Account Opening Procedure:-Title of Account:-
[
Title of Account should mention the name of the person who operates the account.
Special Instructions:-
At the time of opening the account clear and specific instructions should be obtained regarding the nominee of the account holder means after the death of the account holder who will operate the account.
[
Documents:-
[
Ø Computerized national Identity Card.
Ø Proof of Income if he / she is a salaried person then the pay slip or salary certificate of that person.
Proprietorship Account
When the owner of the firm operating singly, open an account in his firm name.
Account Opening Procedure:-Title of Account:-
Title of account must be in the name of the proprietorship concern.
Special Instructions:-
In case of proprietorship concern, the special instruction should cover the style of the account and the name of the person who will operate the account as sole proprietor. For example, if the account to open is in the name of “Islamabad Cloth Store”, the person who is the sole proprietor should declare as such.
Documents:-
Ø Computerized National Identity Card (CNIC) of proprietor.
Ø Declaration for proprietorship concern.
Ø Proprietorship Stamp
Ø Letter of request to open the account on the letterhead of proprietorship.
Ø Third party Mandate, in case any other person has been authorized by the proprietor to operate the account.
Ø National Tax Number (NTN) but it is optional.
Partnership Account
“Partnership” is a relationship between persons who have agreed to share profits of a business carried on by all or any of them acting for all.
Account Opening Procedure:-Title of Account:-
Title of account must be in the name of the firm as declared by the partners.
Operational Instructions:-
Ø Operations on the account must be allowed strictly in accordance with the instructions given in partnership mandate and Declaration (Part III) in terms of section 25 of Partnership Act 1932.
Ø According to Partnership deed, if given.
Documents:-
Ø Copy of Computerized National Identity Card of all the partners.
Ø Copy of registration Certificate (if a registered firm)
Ø Letter of request to open the account on the letterhead of partnership.
Ø Partnership Stamp
Ø Partnership Deed
Ø Third Party Mandate, if third party is authorized to operate the account.
Ø NTN (optional)
Limited Companies Account
Section 2 of the Companies Act, 1913, defines companies as:-
“An association of individuals for the purpose of profit, possessing a common capital contributed by the members constituting it, such capital being commonly divided into shares, of which each possess one or more and which are transferable by the owners.”
Title of Account:-
Title of account should be exactly in the same name and style as mentioned on the memorandum and article of association.
Special Instructions:-
All the special instructions should be given to the bank in the form of Resolution of Board of Director.
Documents:-
Ø Computerized National Identity Card (CNIC) the entire Director attested by company CEO.
Ø Resolution of Board of Director passed under Company’s seal to open account.
Ø Memorandum and Article of Association
Ø Certificate of Incorporation Form 29 (B) (Lasted Copy). Company secretary will certify all these copies.
Ø List of Directors and authorized signatories.
Ø Certificate of Commencement of Business (for Public limited company’s only).
Trust Account
According to section 3 of Trust Act, 1882:
“A trust is an obligation annexed to the ownership of property and arising out of a confidence proposed in and accepted by him for the benefit of another, or of another or owner.”
Account Opening Procedure:-
Branches are allowed to open the Trust Account subject to the prior approval of Area Manager, after scrutiny of the legal documents by the legal advisor.
Title of Account:-
The account should be opened in the name of the trust. However, if the account is opened in the name of the trustees, the account should not be treated as a joint account, rather it should be treated as a trust account.
Special Instructions:-
The Banker should examine the trust deed very carefully. Particular attention should be paid to the borrowing powers, status of account in case of death of any trustee or signatory, and provisions for the appointment of new trustees.
Documents:-
Ø Attested photocopy of Computerized National Identity Cards (CNIC) of all the trustees.
Ø Attested copy of Certificate of Registration.
Ø Certified copy of Instrument of Trust / Trust Deed
Mode of Signature:-
All the trustee are required to sign the account opening form, Specimen Signature Card, and Cheque book requisition slip in their official capacity.
Clubs, Societies and Associations Account
These are non- trading / non- profit organization and are formed for the promotion of culture, education, recreational activities and charitable purpose etc.
Account Opening Procedure:-Title of Account:-
Account must be opened in the name of organization in the following manner:-
e.g. Islamabad Cricket Association
Operational Instructions:-
Ø All the parties must be in accordance with the clauses of the resolution.
Ø In case of death of office bearer, account should be blocked until new resolution is received.
Documents:-
Copy of bye- laws / regulations.
Ø List of members of managing / executive Committee.
Ø Copy of certificate of Registration (if registered)
Ø Copies of CNICs of the members of Executive Committee.
Ø List of names of officials authorized to sign on behalf of the organization along with the Specimen Signature under the signature of the Secretary of the club/society.
Agent Account
Account Opening Procedure:-Title of Account:-
Account must be opened in the name of agent.
Special Instructions:-
Ø Manager should ensure compliance of contract between principle and agent.
Ø Agent cannot delegate powers to third party.
Ø Transfer between principle and agent account should be in accordance to agreement.
Ø In case of death / insolvency / insanity of principle agency transactions are automatically terminated.
Documents:-
Ø Attested photocopy of Computerized National Identity Card (CNIC) of the agent.
Ø Certified copy of Power of Attorney.
remittances department
Meanings of Remittances
“Remittance is transfer of funds from one place to another or from one person to another.”
A Remittance is an important service provided by banks to customers as well as non-customers. Since it is not a free service it is a source of income for the bank.
Parties involve in remittances
Four parties involved in remittance:-
Ø Remittee
Ø Issuing Bank
Ø Paying Bank
Remitter:-
One who initiates, or requests for a remittance. The remitter comes to the issuing or originating branch, asks for a remittance to be made, and deposits the money to be remitted. The bank charges him a commission for this service. He may or may not be the branch’s customer.
Remittee:-
A Remittee is also called the beneficiary, or the payee. The person in whose name the remittance is made. A remittee is also the one who receive the payment.
Issuing Bank:-
The bank that sends or affects the remittance, through demand drafts, telegraphic transfers, or Mail Transfers.
Paying Bank:-
Paying Bank also knows as the drawee branch. The branch on which the instrument is drawn. It has to make the payment (usually located in a different city country).
Kind of remittances
Ø Transfer within the branch
Ø Transfer from one branch to another
Ø Transfer from one bank to another bank in the same city
Ø Transfers from one bank to another bank in two cities.
Instruments used in remittances
Ø Demand Draft (DD)
Ø Pay Order (PO)
Ø Pay Slip
Ø Call Deposit Receipt (CDR)
Ø Telegraph Transfer
Ø Rupees Traveler Cheque (RTC)
Ø Cancellation of PO, DD & CDR
Ø Advance Tax against Remittances
Demand draft
Demand Draft is a negotiable instrument, which is drawn by one branch to another branch of the same bank. In case of agency arrangement Demand Draft can also be issued by one branch of the bank payable to other branch of the other bank e.g. DD issued by the BAL payable by UBL.
Explanation:
If any person wants to make payment from one city to another city then he can make payment through demand draft. Bank charges a commission for performing this kind of service according to bank rate schedule, which is revised after 6 months. Demand draft may be issued or paid. There are two ways to issue
Demand Draft:-
1. Issue of DD against cash payment
2. Issue of DD against Debit of the account
The current rate schedule of DD is as follows:-
Up to Rs. 10,000 0.25% or Rs.25
Which ever is higher
Rs.10,001 to Rs. 100,000 0.20% or Rs.40
Which ever is higher
Rs. 100,001 to Rs. 10,00,000 0.10% or Rs.200
Which ever is higher
Rs. 10,00,001 to Rs. 20,00,000 0.75% or Rs.1000
Which ever is higher
Above Rs. 20,00,000 0.06% or Rs. 2000
Which ever is higher
Process of the issuance of DD:-
When a customer requests BAL Urdu Bazaar Branch, Lahore to provide him a DD made on his account or against cash payment for a particular city like Islamabad. Then, after having the total amount including commission demand draft is issued in favor of the specified person in that city and is drawn on BAL, Islamabad Branch. So, when payee in any bank presents this demand draft, it constitutes the inward clearing of Bank Al-Falah Limited, Islamabad Branch.
When BAL receive the Demand Draft then it pass the following entry:-
Entries
Dr. Head Office Account with Treasury
Cr. Demand Draft Payable Account
Entry when bank issue demand draft
Dr. Customer Account
Cr. Transit Account
Then
Dr. Transit Account
Cr. Head Office Account with Treasury
At the end of day the Transit Account will be zero (nil).
Entry Of Commission that BAL Received From Customer:-
Dr. Customer Account
Cr. Commission on Remittances Account
Entry Of Excise Duty that BAL Recovered From Customer:-
Dr. Customer Account
Cr. Excise Duty Recovered Account
Pay order
Pay order is a negotiable instrument made by the bank, on account of a customer, to pay on order the specified amount to the directed person (payee).
Use of Pay Order:-
Pay orders are used to make payment or to transfer money, with in the same city. Pay order is always drawn on the bank that has issued it. The main advantage of pay order is that it cannot be dishonored by the bank. Pay order can be endorsed if it is not crossed. The payee may present pay Order for payment either over the counter for cash payment or the payee may transfer credit to his account.
The current rate schedule of Pay Order is as follows:
Issuance of Pay Order Rs. 50/- for a/c holder
Rs. 500/- for non-a/c holder'
Cancellation Rs. 100/- for a/c holder
Rs. 100/- for non-a/c holder
Duplicate Issuance Rs.100/- for a/c holder
Rs. 100/- for non-a/c holder
Process of issuance of pay order
Cash Deposited or gives Cheque in favor of BAL
Fill Application Form for Pay Order and signed by Applicant
Entry in Bank Smart
Bank issue a Pay Order after recovering Charges (2 Copies) which is signed by two officers
Do necessary Vouchering and Take Signature of Applicant at the Place of received Instrument
Copy of Pay Order is given to Customer
Copy is for Filing Purpose
Entries
When BAL issue the Pay Order:-
DR. Customer Account
Cr. Transit Account
Then
Dr. Transit Account
Cr. Pay Order Issued Account
When BAL receives the Pay Order:-
DR. Treasury Account
Cr. Pay Order Payable Account
Entry Of Commission that BAL Received From Customer:-
Dr. Customer Account
Cr. Commission on Remittances Account
Entry Of Excise Duty that BAL Recovered From Customer:-
Dr. Customer Account
Cr. Excise Duty Recovered Account
Pay slip
“It is a negotiable instrument like cheque issued by the bank on its own account to pay a specified amount to the directed person.”
Use of Pay Slip:-
Pay Slips are used to make payment by the bank itself against certain expenses incurred; like furniture purchased by bank, electricity charges.
Issuance of pay slip
Ø Bank issue a pay slip in favor of person, to whom payment is made.
Ø Affixes payee’s Account only stamp.
Ø Revenue stamp pasted on it.
Ø Entry in bank smart.
Example:-
If bank has purchased furniture (fixed Asset) costing Rs. 40,000 from a company then a pay slip in the name of that company is made and, instead of writing the issuing date on pay slip, date of encashment (realization) is written when it is presented in bank.
Call Deposit Receipt (CDR)
Bank Al-Falah Limited also issues Call Deposit Receipts (CDR).
“It is an instrument like Cheque issued by the bank on account of a customer & in favor of a person, to pay the specified amount”.
CDR’s are issued to make payments, especially when a company goes for some tenders or for purchase of government securities. The bank enjoys the benefit of keeping funds deposited until the payment is not made.
Telegraph Transfer
Rupee Traveling Cheque
It is just a shape of Demand Draft. The difference is that it is not drawn on the specified branch. It can be drawn on any branch of the same bank.
The paying bank has to verify the signatures and after verification payment is made.
Cancellation of PO, DD and CDR
After issuance of Pay Order, Demand Draft or Call Deposit Receipt by Bank Al-Falah Limited, Urdu Bazaar Branch, Lahore, if any one of these has to be cancelled by the customer, it is returned in the bank. Then, after deducting the cancellation charges of Rs.100 for PO and Rs. 200 for DD, the remaining (net) amount is paid to the customer.
Advance Tax against remittances
Advance Tax is deducted on issuance of PO & DD from customers except those who have tax exemption form and credited in Tax on PO & DD account. Tax deducted has to be paid to State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) with in one week of issuance of these instruments.
Collection
All the cheques under collection are called cheques under Collection in Bank Al-Falah Limited. There are two types of bills for collection:
Ø Outward Bills for Collection (OBC)
Ø Local Bills for collection (LBC)
Our ward bill for collection
Meaning of OBC:-
“When an instrument is drawn on a bank, which is located outside the city, its proceeds can be collected through a mechanism called Outward Bills for Collection (OBC).”
Features:-
Ø Remunerative
Ø Transfer of funds between cities
Ø Collecting Bank work as an agent
Ø Collecting Bank is the holder in due course
Procedure
All the cheques are received on one counter along with the paying slips duly filled in properly containing particulars of cheques and account holder. Counter folio of paying slip is handed over to the customer by putting stamp for “cheque received for collection for Bank Al-Falah” on it duly signed by officer. These cheques are scrutinized and cheques for local clearing are separated from OBCs. Cheques for local clearing are entered in Clearing Register, whereas cheques for collection are entered in OBC register. OBC number is allotted to the cheque from OBC register. Special crossing and bank endorsement stamps are affixed on the cheque.
Date | OBC No | Title Of Account | Account No | Drawn On | Mailed To | Instrument No | Amount Rs. | Initial |
OBC registrar
OBC schedule is attached with the cheque and dispatched to the main branch of that city for collection. If they do not have any branch in that city, then cheque will be sent to the Collecting Agent of Bank Al-Falah for that city, and if they do not have any collecting agent even, then cheque can be sent directly to the drawing branch. Instructions are given on the OBC schedule for the payment of that cheque. Contra-liability vouchers are also posted in the system. When OBC is realized, collection bank pays the amount through IBCA if it is the same bank or through DD if it is another bank. If DD is received against OBC, it is presented in the clearing for collection. If IBCA is received from the branch for the payment of OBC, certain vouchers are posted in the system.
OBC Realization
Commission | Postage | Net Amount | Date Of Payment | Initial | Remarks |
Entries
Lodgment Entries:-
Dr. Customer Liability
Cr. Banker Liability
Realization Entries:-
Dr. Banker Liability on OBC
Cr. Customer Liability on OBC
(Reversal of the Contra Liability)
Dr. M.O Account
Cr. Customer Account
(For the amount of the instrument)
Dr. Customer Account
Cr. Postage Charges
Cr. Commission on OBC
OBC return unpaid
Ø Take out schedule and pay in slip
Ø Mark both as return unpaid
Ø Entry in the OBC register and Cheque return register
Ø Reversal of contra liability
Ø Recover Cheque return charges
Ø Hand over the instrument to customer after getting acknowledgement from the customer.
Local bill for collection
If any other bank sends a cheque of Bank Al-Falah Limited, it is Inward Bill for Collection. Bank Al-Falah remits money after checking the balance of the customer account.
The process of collection starts when the cheques of Bank Al-Falah Ltd are received from other banks. Then these cheques are sent to the Head Office Karachi, which sends the cheques to SBP for clearing and get the confirmation of cheque and credit advice. Main activity of clearing is performed by Head Office, which contacts other banks through SBP.
Entries
Dr. M .O Account
Cr. Customer Account
clearing department
Meaning of clearing
The word clearing has been derived from the word “clear” and is defined as:
“A system by which banks exchange cheques and other negotiable instruments drawn on each other within a specific area and thereby secure payment for their clients through the Clearing House at specified time in an efficient way.”
EXPLANATION:-
By clearing means sometimes the account holder of Bank Al-Falah Limited present a cheques, which is not drawn on Bank Al-Falah but the person, has an account in Bank Al-Falah Limited. In this case bank accepts this cheques in clearing department and later on collets the amount from bank on which cheques is drawn through clearing house. This function is called clearing.
Clearing House
It is a place where representatives of all banks sit together and interchange their claims against each other with the help of controlling staff of NIFT.
It is one of the services provided by NIFT to other commercial banks. NIFT acts as a clearinghouse. Different banks are the members of the clearinghouse. A representative of each bank represents his bank in the clearinghouse.
Each bank has collected cheques as behalf of their customer but these cheques are not drawn on their own bank so in the clearinghouse, they hand over these cheques to respective banks on which these cheques are drawn. Similarly each bank receives cheques from other banks if any.
Instrument to be presented
Ø Demand Drafts
Ø Pay Orders
Types of clearing
There are four types of clearing:-
1. Inward Clearing
2. Outward Clearing
3. Intercity Clearing
4. Same Day Clearing
1. Inward Clearing
Those Cheques and other negotiable instruments which are drawn on BAL Urdu Bazar Branch Lahore, sent by other banks, constitutes the inward clearing of Bank Al-Falah Limited. After having all the stamps and dates of cheques confirmed, the concerned drawer’s accounts are debited in BAL Urdu Bazar Branch Lahore.
Inward Return:-
Return may be of any reason:-
· Presentation Flaw e.g. Clearing stamp not affixed or wrong discharge given by collecting banker.
· Defect in the Cheques i.e. Post dated cheques, unauthorized cutting.· Insufficient Balance
Accounting Entries OF Inward Clearing
Inward Clearing Single Branch:-
In Case OF Lodgment:-
Dr. Customer Account
Cr. SBP Account
In Case Of Return:-
Dr. SBP Account
Cr. Customer Account
Inward Clearing Main Branch:-
In Case OF Lodgment:-
Dr. M.O Account
Cr. SBP Account
In Case Of Return:-
Dr. SBP Account
Cr. M.O Account
Inward Clearing Centre Branch:-
In Case OF Lodgment:-
Dr. Customer Account
Cr. M.O Account
In Case Of Return:-
Dr. M.O Account
Cr. Customer Account
2. Outward Clearing
When cheques and other negotiable instruments drawn upon other banks like City Bank, MCB, ABN-AMRO or Askari Bank of the same city (Lahore) are presented in BAL Urdu Bazar Branch to deposit them in the respective payee’s accounts, these instruments are lodged in outward clearing of BAL Urdu Bazar Branch.
Outward Return:-
Ø Cheques return will be treated as inward cheques.
Ø In case the cheques is returned because of wrong presentation e.g. clearing stamp not affixed or wrong discharge given on the cheques etc. it should be relodged in the next day clearing after rectification of the mistake.
If the cheques is returned for any other reason then
Ø Advice the customer about fate.
Ø Return the cheques to the customer after getting sign on the register.
Ø Collect the cheques return charges as per S.O.C (Schedule of charges).
Accounting Entries OF outward Clearing
Outward Clearing Single Branch:-
In Case OF Lodgment:-
Dr. SBP Account
Cr. Customer Account
In Case Of Return:-
Dr. Customer Account
Cr. SBP Account
Outward Clearing Main Branch:-
In Case OF Lodgment:-
Dr. SBP Account
Cr. M.O Account
In Case Of Return:-
Dr. M.O Account
Cr. SBP Account
Outward Clearing Centre Branch:-
In Case OF Lodgment:-
Dr. M.O Account
Cr. Customer Account
In Case Of Return:-
Dr. Customer Account
Cr. M.O Account
3. Inter City Clearing
The cheques that are presented in inter city clearing are of another city and received by air. In this type of clearing the bank confirm at that time that the cheques are clear or not and give to the rider.
4. Same Day Clearing
The cheques that are presented in same day clearing are the local cheques and these cheques are clear in same day. Basically it is the benefit that are provided to customer.
Clearing process
i. Stamps Put On the Cheques:-
When the cheques are presented in BAL Urdu Bazaar Branch to be deposited in their respective payee’s accounts, different stamps are put on cheques before their lodgment in outward clearing.
Crossing means two parallel lines, drawn across the face of the cheques with or without words written in between them. Crossing may be general or special. In clearing, cheques are crossed specially. Cheques are stamped with bank’s name between two parallel lines to constitute special crossing. After the cheques have been crossed specially, the holder cannot receive payment except through the banker named on the cheques crossing saves the instrument to go it in illegal hands. If, crossed cheques is lost or stolen, there is no risk involved. So it is an effective means of minimizing the risk of loss.
After the cheques have been crossed specially, clearing stamp is put on the cheques and other instruments, with the next date, so these cheques would have to be presented in their concerned drawee banks on the subsequent day.
The word endorsement means anything written or printed on the back of an instrument. So endorsement stamp has to put with words “Payee’s account Credited in Bank Al-Falah Limited, Urdu Bazaar Branch, Lahore”.
v. National Institutional Facilitation Authority:-
After putting these three stamps on cheques & other negotiable instruments, they are sent to NIFT. NIFT after segregating the cheques of different banks delivers them to their concerned banks.
VI. SEND Report To The Bank:-
After delivering the cheques to different banks NIFT send report to BAL Urdu Bazaar Branch Lahore, then the bank’s staff tally the amount of that report for its own record.
vii. Delivered Cheques to Respective Banks:-
Next morning, these cheques are delivered to the respective banks between 9:00 to 9:30AM. In the same manner, other banks present their clearing drawn on Bank Al-Falah. Total number of cheques and their amount delivered to other banks and received from them are written on the Clearing House schedule branch for their payment. After proper scrutiny of cheques, verification of signatures and confirmation of balance in the account, the Officer Clearing Department Debit the customer Account. If any cheque is not passed due to insufficient balance or any other reason, Officer Cash Department returns the same cheque by attaching a cheque return memo containing reason for return.
If the cheques are clear then the BAL Urdu Bazaar Branch Lahore credit the customer Account. If the bank receives the outward return due to any reason then this cheque is entered into the cheque returned register and bank charges are deducted according to the schedule of charges.
Then send the outward and return inward as IBDA (Inter Branch Debit Advise) to Main Branch LDA Plaza. And LDA Plaza sends outward return and inward to BAL Urdu Bazaar Branch, Lahore.
Procedure of settlement
Assume that BAL got the cheques which are drawn on HBL, NBP, and MCB for amount Rs.50, 000/-, Rs.30,000/-, Rs.15,000/- respectively, its total being Rs.95,000/-. It means that this amount is to be credited to BAL account with NIFT. On the other hand the cheques drawn on BAL are from HBL, NBP and MCB of Rs.15,000/- Rs.75,000/-, and Rs.30,000/- respectively, its total being Rs.120,000/-. It means that this amount is to be debited from BAL account . The difference between Rs.95,000/- credit and Rs.120,000/- debit is Rs.25,000/- debit, which means the house is against BAL for Rs.25,000/-.
Settlement sheet:-
In clearing department this sheet is prepared and contain detail amount of cheques received, amount of cheques will be paid and balance of these accounts.
accounts department
This department is responsible to keep the record of each and every transaction and prepare reports about the amount of deposits and advances and sent to Head office or State Bank of Pakistan on monthly, quarterly and yearly basis.
Activities
The accounts department deals with various routine activities for the bank. The main activities performed by it are:-
a) Budgeting
b) Reporting
c) Maintenance & depreciation of fixed assets
d) Miscellaneous functions
Budgeting
Accounts department of a bank, for a year makes budget of every branch. Fiscal year of bank starts from January 01 and ends on December 31. The accounts department starts preparing budget from October for the next year.
Reporting
The accounts department, in the form of reports, clubs the details of various departments together. Each and every minute detail is provided in weekly, monthly and annual reports. The reports are submitted to head office, SBP and to the government. The accounts department prepares many reports, of which the most common are:-
· Statement Of Affairs
· Income & Expenditure
· Business Report
· SBP Report
· Outstand Receipt Report
· Currency Wise Deposits Report
Maintaining of Fixed Assets & their Depreciation
Accounts department maintains the record of all the assets and charges depreciation on them. The bank normally uses the straight-line method to compute the depreciation.
It is calculated on monthly basis and charged yearly. Bank not only depreciates the existing assets but also the assets but also the assets transferred in and transferred out.
Miscellaneous Functions
The accounts department also performs some other miscellaneous functions like
i. Closing Entries
ii. Daily activity checking
iii. Report Generation
iv. Minor expense recording
i. Closing Entries:-
Accounts department also passes the closing entries on monthly, 6 monthly and yearly bases to calculate the profit and analyze the overall performance for a certain period.
ii. Daily Activity Checking:-
All the operations performed in various departments of Bank Al-Falah Limited Urdu Bazaar Branch Lahore are computerized. The functions are performed through the customized software. In order to facilitate double-checking of all the transactions done, every concerned official also passes vouchers and cheques manually. At the day end all the vouchers passed by various officers working in different departments are given to Accounts Department. Furthermore the I.T. department also prints a very bulky report of all the transactions / entries which have been fed into the computer system of the branch that day. When both of these things are at the desk of concerned officer, he performs the job of tallying the daily activity report with all the corresponding vouchers and cheques, in order to track down any discrepancy.
iii. Report Generation:-
The reports generated by the accounts department on a daily, weekly, monthly, bi-yearly and yearly are written in a proper format. It is neither necessary nor possible to get acquainted by all of these reports in a short period of time. Some of the common reports are:-
Ø Daily Advance and Deposit Position:-
· Daily Exchange Position
· Daily Fund Management
Ø Closing Reports:-
· Monthly Assets & Liabilities
· Monthly Budget Review Report
· Monthly Monitory Statement
· Monthly Performance Review Report
· Monthly fixed investment
From these statements, five reports carry extreme importance. The five reports are:-
· Daily position of advances and deposits
· Statement of affairs
Daily exchange position report
· Fixed assets statement
Monthly review of performance.
iv. Minor Expense Recording:-
The account department of BAL Urdu Bazaar Branch has to record even the minor expenses of the branch like tea for the staff, stationery for the branch.
cash department
The cash department is the most important department of the bank. It receives cash from customers and then deposits it into the accounts of the customers and maintained their balances.
The officers in this department are called teller and there were four tellers at the counter. This department involves in two activates:-
1. Deposit cash in customer’s account
2. Make payments from customer’s account
Deposit Cash In Customer’s Account:-
When the customer want to deposit amount in his account at opening of account or after that then he has to fill a deposit slip that shows the amount and the account in which the cash will be deposited. Then teller will receive amount and credit the customer’s account that shows increase in customer’s bank account.
Make Payments From Customer’s Account:-
When the customer draws a cheque on the bank to pay a certain amount then teller will debit the customer’s account that shows reduction in his account balance.
There are two main types of cheques that are
Open Cheques
Crossed Cheques
Open Cheques:-
Open Cheques are those cheques, which are paid across the counter of the bank. Open cheques may be
· Bearer Cheques
· Order Cheques.
Bearer Cheque:-
If the drawer orders the bank to pay a stated sum of money to the bearer, it is called a bearer cheque. Any person who lawfully possesses a bearer cheque is entitled to receive payment of that cheque.
Order Cheque:-
The amount of this cheque is payable to the person whose name is written on the face of the cheque. The amount is paid at counter after identification of that person.
Crossed Cheque:-
The amount of this cheque is not paid at counter. The amount of this cheque is transferred to the person’s account whose name is specified on the cheque. Two parallel transverse lines are drawn across the face of the cheque.
Kinds Of Crossing:-
Legally there are two kinds of crossing
· General Crossing
· Special Crossing
General Crossing:-
In case of General Crossing the payment can only be deposited into the payee’s account only.
Special Crossing:-
In case of Special Crossing the payment can only be made to bank named therein the cheque.
Cheque encashment procedure
Cheque Encashment are made in four steps, these are:-
1. Receiving Of Cheques
2. Verification Of Signature
3. Computer Terminal Process
4. Payment Of Cash
1. Receiving Of Cheques:-
The cash is paid against the cheque of the client. The following points are important.
v Cheque is drawn on BAL
v Cheque is not post dated.
v Amount in words and figure are same.
v It should be a bearer cheque so the word bearer should not cross.
2. Verification Of Signature:-
After receiving the cheque the cheque the officer verify the signature of the account holder and the signature on the cheque. If the signature is not same it is returned back otherwise forward to computer terminal.
3. Computer Terminal Process:-
The cheque is received in computer terminal, where the computer operator checks the balance of the account holder. The operator also sees the stop payment instructions are received from account holder or not. After considering these points computer operator post the cheque in account holder ledger and returned back to the officer.
4. Payment Of Cash:-
After posting the cheque the officer cancelled the cheque and returned back to cashier. The cashier enters the cheque in cash paid registered and pay against the second signature of receiver on the back of the cheque.
If the payment is of Rs. 50000 the cashier can make it on its own. If the amount is greater than Rs. 50000 to Rs. 100,000 the cashier and cash deposit Incharge will verify the check and will sing it. Then the payment will be made. But, if the amount is greater than Rs. 100000 to Rs. 1000,000 the manager operation will also verify the check and sign it so that the payment can be made. If the amount is greater than Rs. 1000,000 the Branch Manager will also verify the check and sign it. Otherwise the payment will not be made.
finance/credit department
Car finance
Benefits and Features
Quickest processing
No hidden charges
Minimum down payment
Complete repayment at any point of time
Balance transfer facility {BTF} for existing as well as new clients from other Banks
Tenure period ranging from 1 to 5 years.
Financing of all brand new locally assembled vehicles and used cars.
Financing limit ranging b/w Rs. 200,000/- to Rs. 2000,000/- for brand new carsCorporate and individual car leasing
No hidden charges
Minimum down payment
Complete repayment at any point of time
Balance transfer facility {BTF} for existing as well as new clients from other Banks
Tenure period ranging from 1 to 5 years.
Financing of all brand new locally assembled vehicles and used cars.
Financing limit ranging b/w Rs. 200,000/- to Rs. 2000,000/- for brand new carsCorporate and individual car leasing
BAL’s recently introduced car leasing facility for individuals and corporate sector has set new dimensions for the product. Now you are provided with the option of either to get the vehicle leased or financed.insurance
Renowned and reliable Insurance companies are offering the competitive rates of Insurance. Pay year insurance premium in advance { at the time of down payment } and remaining in the subsequent equal monthly installment.how much extra mony being paid? {mark-up}
Renowned and reliable Insurance companies are offering the competitive rates of Insurance. Pay year insurance premium in advance { at the time of down payment } and remaining in the subsequent equal monthly installment.how much extra mony being paid? {mark-up}
Bank Al-Falah's mark-up rates are as follows :
Pak Suzuki Cars | 11.9 % |
All other local assembled Cars | 12.9 % |
Imported Cars | 12.9 % |
Repayment
Easily affordable installments on monthly basis in the form of postdated cheques will set you free of depositing your rental cheques every month.Security
Hypothecation of vehicle in the name of the Bank Al-Falah Limited.YOU CAN ACT AS A CO BORROWER
Acting as a co borrower, will enables your family members {spouse, children- 18 year and above} to avail the financing facility and can get the car registered in their names as well.
Easily affordable installments on monthly basis in the form of postdated cheques will set you free of depositing your rental cheques every month.Security
Hypothecation of vehicle in the name of the Bank Al-Falah Limited.YOU CAN ACT AS A CO BORROWER
Acting as a co borrower, will enables your family members {spouse, children- 18 year and above} to avail the financing facility and can get the car registered in their names as well.
Documents required
Two passport size photographs.
Copy of National ID card.
Bank statement for the last six months.
Salary certificate {for salaried individual}.
Business proof {for a business person}.
N.T.N Certificate.
Co borrower’s NIC copy {if the car is to be in the name of the co-borrower}.Eligibility
Yes you get a car loan form bank Al-Falah to purchase a brand new car if you are:
Pakistani National Identity Card holder.
Over 20 years of age (Maximum 60 years in case of salaried and 62 in case of a
business person at the time of maturity of the loan).
Salaried , Businessman or self employed .
Two passport size photographs.
Copy of National ID card.
Bank statement for the last six months.
Salary certificate {for salaried individual}.
Business proof {for a business person}.
N.T.N Certificate.
Co borrower’s NIC copy {if the car is to be in the name of the co-borrower}.Eligibility
Yes you get a car loan form bank Al-Falah to purchase a brand new car if you are:
Pakistani National Identity Card holder.
Over 20 years of age (Maximum 60 years in case of salaried and 62 in case of a
business person at the time of maturity of the loan).
Salaried , Businessman or self employed .
Home finance
With this facility, you no longer need to just dream about the home you want for yourself and your family .We will provide you up to Rs. 10.00 million or 70% of the purchase price of the property (whichever is less), so that you can realize your dream and enter the reality of owning a home!.Payment period ranges from 3 to 20 years.
You already own a home, but need extra space for a growing family. Simply apply for financing of up to Rs. 3.50 million or 40% of the surveyed value of your home (whichever is less) and get yourself the extra space!You can stretch payments for up to 10 years
You have a plot and need finance to construct a home, which excites everyone in your family! No problem. We will provide you up to Rs.10.00 million, or 70% of the estimated value of constructed property to enable you to say good-bye to rent forever! Even if you don't have a plot, we will provide you up to 60% of the value of the plot that you have selected to purchase! Do we excite your imagination?Payment period ranges from 3 to 20 years.
Does your existing installment on a home finance leave you with nothing to spend? You need not worry any more because we have genuinely low rates and payment options that could leave more funds with you each month. With our BTF, repaying your home finance will not make you break into a sweet! Transfer up to Rs. 10.00 million or 100 % of the existing finance, whichever is less.Stretch your repayment period for up to 20 years again !
Credit department
a good financial support when officials of this department invest money of depositors into feasible projects by lending loans to various business concerns. As the core activity of Commercial bank is to provide short-term finance, which is mostly for working capital requirements. As business concerns have money to complete the one production cycle, but it is not necessary that amount would be received just after sale, but credit sales are also made. So to finance next production cycle they obtain loans from commercial banks on short-term basis, for continuity in operations.
Evaluation of client
This is the first requisite for team of credit department, to evaluate the client's position regarding the financial and business performance concern. As for as, credit policy of Bank Al-Falah Ltd. is concerned, it doesn't given loan to individuals & business concerns.
i) Financial Statement Analysis:
This is the main source to evaluate the client of business concern, Annual Reports of last 2 to 3 years are obtained from enterprise, which is requesting for credit/loan. These are examined by various techniques like; Horizontal Analysis, trend, ratio analysis are conducted to get true and fair view of the final statements of that concern.
ii) Nature of Business to be Considered:
Secondly, nature of business should be considered because if business concern to which we are giving loan related with that industry which is not growing and declining and we sanction loan to that concern would lead to definite bad debts. So if we examine the nature of business properly and make sure about its growing trend, then loans can be sanctioned to that concern.
iii) Bank References:
By correspondence BAL makes confirm to send letters to various banks in order to know about client's record/dealing with them. If they give proper information about client then decision made for loan becomes more strong and healthy.
iv) Plant Visit:
This is another source of evaluating client. In this technique credit department team visit the plant of concern to assure that plant is actually in a position to get market value as which mentioned in Balance Sheet. To get real picture of that business is obtained through personal visit.
v) Credit Rating:
From various credit rating agencies reports are obtained which show the past record of that firm regarding the paying capacity and dealing to discharge liabilities. If credit rating is good enough then that symptom will also lead to sanction loan.
vi) Report From SBP:
From State Bank of Pakistan, report is required regarding that client. SBP has record of every client past and present scenario. So it is essential to examine that report.
However, some other techniques are also used to evaluate the performance of business like, credit vetting and information from peer concerns. After this appropriate examination, credit department makes credit appraisal report and sends to head office corporate division (Credit Division) for sanctioning that amount to concern.
Various types of credit products, nature of advances
There are various means to provide credit. Credit can be in the form of lending money for credit cards, guarantees, letter of credit, Trust Receipt and against bill of exchange. Every type of credit product has some features regarding interest/marketing rates, maturity period and some other things.
In BAL, all such sort of products are offered which are mostly provided by other commercial banks of Pakistan, but as for as BAL's credit policy is concerned it is very conservative. It hardly sanctions loan against mortgage or property but prefer to give cash collateral. So BAL secures its money against getting more than 100% security from clients.
BAL usually, gives loans against refinance scheme and letter of credit transactions. There were various cases which were rejected or not sanctioned for loan due to some minor risky things involved. Mostly credit proposal form was rejected by head office.
Processing of a credit line proposal form
When client fills the credit line proposal form for getting loan. Then credit officer conducts financial statements analysis and with his own views statement refer to head office for sanctioning credit limit. Businessmen make arrangement with banks for credit line, which is used for future needs. They pay some commission on that fixed credit line. In this way, they secure their money for future working capital requirements.
Principle of lending
Before describing principles of lending basic considerations in primary evaluation of credit proposal is necessary to be mentioned here.
i) Purpose of Facility:
- Should be Legally/Morally Valid/Legitimate.
- Should conform to the Bank's Credit Policy guidelines.
- Should conform to the guidelines provided by the State Bank of Pakistan.
- Should be geared towards meeting national economic priorities.
ii) Amount of Facility:
- Should be within the actual requirements of the borrower.
- Should be such that the principle of maintaining a diversified portfolio is not sacrificed, without any extra ordinary considerations.
- Customer should not be working on borrowed capital only, there should be substantial own stake of the customer.
iii) Period of Facility:
- Should match the availability of resources.
- Should conform to the bank's policies/guidelines.
- Should conform to the actual requirements of the customer.
iv) Repayment:
-Period of repayment should be specific and should match the cash flow of customer's business.
- Primary and secondary sources of repayment should be specifically identified.
v) Security:
- The facility should be fully secured, in light of security and margin requirements determined by the bank and the SBP.
vi) Market Reputation:
- The customer should have good market reputation & standing.
Now we will discuss on the principles of lending. Based on the aforementioned considerations, following principles of lending have been evolved.
1) SAFETY
Covering the elements of character, capacity, capital, and security offered/held. Security should be identifiable, enforceable, realizable and valuable, in order to ensure safety of the facilities committed.
i. The borrower should have impeccable character market standing and reputation. He should be reliable and dependable for meeting his commitments and the terms of the facility.
ii. The capacity or capability of the borrower to manage his business and generate enough profits and cash flows to meet his commitments for repayments and debt servicing is of pivotal importance.
iii. By capital is meant the monetary worth of the customer and his own resource base.
2) LIQUIDITY
i. Covering the element of capability to liquidate or repay on maturity and also prior to maturity, in case of need, Ask how "Liquid a loan is, not just how good".
ii. Does he have an identified primary liquid source of repayment? This will determine his ability to repay the bank's facilities.
iii. It is also important to determine the amount that can be lent as a one time transaction or as a continuing credit line, depending upon customer's requirements, capacity to repay, trade cycle, business turnover, cash flows and the regulatory guidelines.
The five C’s of Credit
Credit team officials should be known as the five C's of lending. These are discussed below:
i) Capital:
- The capital & resources of the borrower.
- The capital structure of the borrower and the gearing ratios.
- Is the borrower Under-capitalized?
- Does the borrower has its own resources to fall back on, in case of need.
ii) Capacity:
- Capacity or the capability of the borrower to manage his business profitably and the capacity to repay the advances and service the facilities according to agreed terms.
- Is the borrower in a capacity to borrow? or is there any legal complication?
iii) Collateral:
- The security provided against the facilities.
- Is the security provided: Adequate, Realizable, Marketable, Valuable, Storable, Non-perishable, Durable, Transferable/with clear Title. Transportable un-cumbered etc?
iv) Character:
- Is the borrower's personal character, market standing and reputation impeccable?
- Has he met his part commitments?
- Does he have good bank reference.
v) Conditions:
- Have the conditions of lending been drawn up taking into account all possibilities or eventualities?
- Is the sector/industry in decline, is growing or it has reached at plateau?
- Is there a market for the products and the market size to justify production plans and sales forecasts?
- Are the economic conditions feasible generally and for the business, in particular?
Forms of lending
In credit department of BAL, various forms of credit are offered to different clients. Following are the main forms of lending:
i) Cash Credit
ii) Running Finance
iii) Term Finance
iv) Purchase and Discounting of Bills etc.
i) Cash Credit (PLEDGE):
In this form of lending, cash is required to keep as a security. This form is less risky than others. Because bank is fully equipped with cash. Mostly this is used for very special purpose like; payment to exporter for the goods delivered. Below are mentioned core features of the cash finance.
a) Most secure type of finance
b) Stocks are in possession of bank.
c) Whatever amount he may want to release stocks then pay equipment amount.
ii) Running Finance:
Running finance is most popular sort of credit facility given to clients. This is mostly obtained for the purpose of working capital requirements. Client can draw money even daily from the account but not more than the limit (BAL normal limit was upto 1,000,000/- (one million) that can be drawn by him). In running finance, it is not necessary that security would be in the possession of bank, but all important documents of stocks, property etc, are in its possession.
However, the case may be, one limit is for one year, not more than this can be sanctioned. But on the other way around, if client doesn't repay amount in one year after making all possible correspondence and personal contacts then Bank will sue him after 210 days in the court. The amount received by him would be with the markup. It should be noted that if limit is more than 1 million then proposal would be sanctioned by credit committee of Head Office.
iii. Term Finance:
This credit facility is also required for working capital requirements. This is the same like running finance but difference is that in this term finance, disbursement of amount is in once a time.
Beside, time limit for term finance is 1 year to 10 years, payment is made in the form of installment which can be on monthly, quarterly, half yearly, yearly basis. Markup is received on quarterly basis. It is important to note that markup should be received on that specific time, if principal account is not paid by him on that date.
iv. Purchase and Discounting of Bills
This is also a unique type of financing. Bank purchases the bills from its own client at lower value but when bills are discharged, then amount received will be more than that purchased value. This is mostly happened in case of export and import transaction. In addition, markup on these bills is received at the time of purchase or negotiation.
Documents required
Documents we mean those papers which are essential to provide facility. In this connection, following are the documents in case three types of business concerns:
In case of sole proprietorship
i) Security/lien paper
ii) Collateral
iii) Demand promissory note.
iv) Letter of continuity.
v) I.D card
in case of partnership
i) Security/lien paper
ii) Collateral
iii) Demand promissory note.
iv) Letter of continuity.
v) Partnership deed.
In case of cooperation (private limited)
i) Personal Guarantee (Director)
ii) Charge Registration form (form 10).
iii) Memorandum & Articles of Association etc.
creationo of charges
When an asset/property is identified as a security against facility in an agreement or document creating a borrowing relationship, a charge is said to have been created. This charge can either be registered formally or remain unregistered. A registered charge obviously provides a higher degree of security.
A charge can be further classified according to its ranking, in the event of default or liquidation. Thus it can be a First Charge, in case a lender's right of appropriation of the property or its rates proceeds, in the event of default/liquidation, is prior to any other lender's right. Similarly there can be second or subsequent charge-holder would be entitled to recover his dues only after the first charge-holder's dues are settled.
Monitoring/renewal of credit facility
When credit team sanctions some loans to different clients then it becomes essential for it to monitor the affairs of credit given to them, any during such period if customer wants to extend his loan by accepting some other conditions from credit team, then role of credit officer is very important to monitor such affairs. However, this team looks after the condition of his business as the repayment with markup amount can be assured to get. If this feels that such concern is not doing well from certain period, then it would take some measures to get loan back with markup immediately and restrict to sanction loan further. Personal visits are also made by credit team as to know the actual worth of property asset mentioned or deposited for security.
Application of Mark-up
Markup is like interest rate, but it describes some what different from interest rate. Entire interest rate was received by borrower either loosing or gaining but in markup bank purchases goods from borrower by lending money on the terms of repurchase the goods by banks from customer. In this way, bank gains some amount on sold goods and makes sure to its receipts.
From following calculation of mark up we can understand the application of mark up.
Mark up = P x R x D
365
P = Principal amount
R = Rate
D = Days
Shipping guarantee
This is the "Guarantee" given by the bank for the importer's creditability to show the documents. This sort of guarantee is due to avoiding "Dambrage" which is incurred by the shipping authorities, if the goods are not released from port within specific time.
When documents are not received by importer and he wants to resale goods, then he gets shipping guarantee from bank through equivalent amount of letter of credit must be in account of the bank.
Bank take guarantee of importer that original documents will be submitted at later date. Any discrepancy in documents will be part of the bank, but it also takes undertaking from importer that discrepancy will be his part.
credit card department
Types of Credit Card
There are two Types of Credit Card.
VISA
Further types of Visa Card:-
Bank Al-Falah visa card offering five types of cards.
Visa Gold
Visa Classic
Visa Classic Blue
Women Exclusive
Al-Falah Mini
Facilities for BAL Customers:-
Bank Al-Falah Limited giving facilities to his customers.
No joining Fee:-
Join Al-Falah VISA with out paying any joining fee. Start enjoying your FREE card from the moment you become a Card member.
No annual/Renewal Fee:-
Al-Falah Visa is the Only Card in Pakistan with no Annual or Renewal Fee, so benefit from your card with out worrying about renewal fee.
Lowest services charges:-
Only Bank Al-Falah gives you the un matched feature of lowest service charges @ 2.50% per month.
Balance transfer:-
As an Al-Falah VISA card member customer can avail Balance Transfer Facility @1.5% per month applicable on all existing credit card in Pakistan.
Global acceptability:-:
Al-Falah VISA card globally accepted at nearly 19 million establishments in more than 130 countries around the globe, including 10,000 establishments in Pakistan.
Cash withdrawal:-
75% of your assigned credit limit is available to you for cash withdrawals. Your Al-Falah VISA Card gives you access to ready cash and PIN (Personal Identification Number) at 840,000 ATMs or you can request Over the counter cash advance at 360,000 financial institution world wide or at any Bank Al-Falah branch or other Visa member in Pakistan.
Revolving credit:-
Al-Falah VISA Card gives you the option of paying only 5% of your monthly out standing balance by the payment due date or pay in full and incur no further charges.
Petrol facility
The facility that saves you from paying surcharge while using your Al-Falah Credit Card at all petrol Stations in Pakistan.
Free supplementary card:-
Present your family members with exclusive Al-Falah VISA supplementary cards. Only Al-Falah Visa gives you the unique feature of having up to 6 free supplementary cards on your Gold, Classic or Women Exclusive Cards for your spouse, children, parents, brothers, sisters, house staff, any one of your choice. With Classic Blue you can have 1 free supplementary card.
Zero loss liability:-
You enjoy zero loss liability for all fraudulent transactions made on your card, once you report it lost or stolen. New card will be issued within 72 hours of the loss/ theft being reported.
All billing in Pak rupees:-
Whether you make transaction in dollars or any currency, all your billing will be in pak rupees for your convenience.
Comprehensive travel protection:-
Al-Falah Visa offers a Comprehensive cover up to Rs.7 million on Al-Falah VISA Gold card and RS.3.5 million on Visa Classic, Classic Blue and Women Exclusive card.
Fortunes:-
Al-Falah VISA offers you Fortunes a reward program that allows you to earn points on every 50 rupees you spend on your card. You can accumulate and exchange the Fortune points earned for gift of your choice from a diverse range of items to match your life styles.
Documents Required
Salaried person:-:
For Gold, Classic and Classic blue
Copy of NIC
Computerized Personal bank statement (on ban letterhead in original) for last six months
Additional documents for classic blue
Proof of minimum six-month experience
Copy of Graduation Certificate or equivalent.
Self Employed:-
Copy of NIC
Additional requirements:-
Bank letter / certificate confirming Proprietorship.
Memorandum / Articles of Association /Form A.
Financial Statements
Recognized professional degree / membership certificate to professional association.
trade finance departments
Trade Finance involves the import and export activities. This department provides protection to the rights of importer and exporter. The function of this department is to serve as a bridge between the importer and exporter in order to settle a transaction.
Trade Finance Department handles two activities:-
· Export
Import
Import Department of BAL deals with the import of merchandise. Import can be defined as:
“The bringing of commodities into Pakistan from outside by sea, land or air.”
Requirement for the Importer:-
These requirement / document must be fulfilled from importer before doing the import:-
v NTN
v Sale Registration Certificate
v Membership from Chamber Of Commerce
Methods of Doing Import
Ø Contract
Ø Advance Payment
Ø Open Account
Letter Of Credit
A Letter Of Credit is a financial instrument issued by a bank on behalf of the registered customers It gives surety to the Exporter that his amount is safe.
“The letter of credit is a written instrument issued by the buyer’s bank authorizing the seller to draw in accordance with certain terms and conditions.”
Parties Involved In A Letter Of Credit:-
There are four basic parties involved
1. Importer
2. Issuing Bank
3. Exporter (Beneficiary)
4. Advising Bank
Contract
These are the contracts on which there is no liability of the bank. Bank charge commission against this service.
Main Reason of Bank volvement:-
Bank involve in contract for that purpose:-
The record of this foreign exchange entered in State Bank Of Pakistan (SBP) and this record shows that how many Foreign Exchange go outside Pakistan that is helpful to count the total imports of Pakistan.
Advance Payment
In mean some part of payment is made before shipment and remaining is made after shipment. Advance Payment is through TT (Telegraphic Transfer). But State Bank Of Pakistan allows limit of Rs.10, 000 it means that Advance Payment does not exceeds Rs.10, 000.
In case of Advance Payment the importer show the document to Bank Al-Falah Limited after four months as a proof of import.
Open Account
Open Account is reciprocal of Advance Payment. In this case importer first receives the shipment and then makes the payment. And there is no limit involved in open Account. Importer makes payment of any amount.
In open Account there is no as such restrictions from State Bank Of Pakistan (SBP) importer simply show the document and make payment after one year means no restriction of time is involved.
In all these four methods Letter of Credit is mostly used in Bank Al-Falah Limited Urdu Bazaar Branch Lahore.
Requirements of opening a letter of credit
For opening L/C, the importer has to submit the following documents
Ø Performa Invoice
Ø Indent
Ø Application For Import
Ø Annexure B
Ø Insurance of consignment
Ø Promissory Note
Ø L/C Margin
Ø L/C Commission
Clauses of Letter of Credit
A letter of credit contains various clauses prominent of them are:
Ø Type of L/C
Ø Amount
Ø Description Of Goods
Ø Trans-shipped / Part-shipped or not.
Ø Collection Charges
Ø Validity Period Of L/C
Import Process
Ø An L/C form is filled.
Ø The customer prepares insurance document from any insurance company.
Ø Filled the SBP Application form that is called Appendix B.
Ø Performa Invoice is Prepared.
Ø Undertaking from the customer on letter Head.
Ø Prepare four copies of Form I (Form I explain the detail of import that are helpful for the SBP.
Ø Approval From Area Office
Ø Prepare voucher and make entries in the system.
Ø Preparation of L/C
Ø These forms are then sent to the Swift Centre of BAL.
Swift Centre Machine:-
· It is the fastest and the safest mode of financial communication in the world.
· These are according to the rules and regulations of ‘UCP-500’ just like prudential regulations of SBP.
Ø Now this is received by the exporter’s bank.
Ø When BAL receives shipment documents and documents are either rejected or accepted within 7 days.
Ø If accepted, the payment from the importer is made.
Ø An IBCA is received of that amount and send to the exporter’s bank.
Ø Now during these transactions, both the banks receive profit in the form of commission.
· BAL startly receives commission / charges from the importer.
· Conversion of foreign currency into Pakistan rupees.
Ø Payment Against Document (PAD)
In case the payment is not made, then an account of PAD is opened. The bank the issuing bank on the customer’s behalf of a letter of credit, pays the negotiating or advising bank, and debits the PAD account, till its payment by customer. Until the realization of the amount a full set of documents representing title to the goods shipped by the foreign exporter, is held by the bank as security.
Dr. Payment Against Documents (PAD)
Cr. Bank Current Account
When the importer brings payment then,
Dr. Current Account
Cr. Payment against Documents (PAD)
Exports
Exports are major sources of earning foreign exchange and play an important role in the economic development of the country. It helps to utilize excess resources of the country.
“Exports mean selling goods to another country.”
Exports of all eligible commodities through authorized banking channels are admissible under exchange control regulation.
Requirement for the Exporter:-
These requirement / document must be fulfilled from exporter before doing the export:-
v NTN
v Sale Registration Certificate
v Membership from Chamber Of Commerce
As well as the market stability, reputation, financial position of the exporter is first of all checked.
Documents to Be Attached For Export
Ø Commercial Invoice
Ø Bill of lading
Ø Packing list
Total quantity
Net weight/carton
Gross weight/carton
Total net weight/carton
Total gross weight
Ø Bill of exchange (original or draft)
Ø E-form: Initial document on which total export proceeding is based. In this form, all the conditions are given, which are necessary for exports.
Ø Letter of credit: It is written agreement between importer and exporter.
Ø Certificate of Origin (Form –A)
Ø Insurance (if any)
Procedure:-
Ø Receipt of Letter Of Credit:
Ø Issuance of E-Forms that is verified by an authorized signatory. There are four copies of it.
Copies of E-Form
v Original: is sent to the custom officer
v Duplicate: Bank receive the duplicate
v Triplicate: is sent to the State Bank Of Pakistan
v Quadruplicate: is kept by the exporter for his personal record.
v Verification of E-Form
v Export Documents
v Scrutiny Of The Documents
v Dispatch
v Realization of Export Proceeds.
swot analysis
SWOT Analysis
· Weaknesses
· Opportunities
· Threats
What is a SWOT?
SWOT analysis is a process to identify where we are strong and where we are vulnerable, where we should defend and where we should attack. It tells us our strengths, our weaknesses, the opportunities which prevail in the market and the threats which we may face from our competitors and other from other potential factors.
This analysis can be performed on a product, on a service, a company or even on an individual.
SWOT Analysis of Bank Al-Falah
Here we have applied this very useful technique to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of Bank Al-Falah.
Strengths
Strong Financial Position
As we can see in the financial statements of the bank, the financial position of the organization is very sound and its profitability is in increasing. The Earning per share has been increased on a rate of about 50%, which is a very positive sign.
Highly Qualified Employees
The bank has highly qualified and skilled workforce and it has succeeded to attract the best banking professionals from across the country due to its growing pace and sound reputation.
Conducive Environment
The management of the bank is very much concerned with the development of and improvement of the working environment. The bank has state of the art and purpose built branches where all the modern technologies are provided to get the efficiency of the workforce and the customer satisfaction.
Govt. Support and Encouragement
As the owners of the bank belong to UAE and the type of their investment in Pakistan is a foreign investment, the govt. is fully supporting the bank management due to its policy to maximize the foreign investment in the country, to get the economic prosperity.
Fastest Growing Financial Institution
Due to its successful business policies and the strong financial position the bank has achieved the reputation of fastest growing financial institution in the country. It has greatly increased the customers confidence in the bank
Huge Expansion Plan
Due to its strong financial position the bank has undergone a huge expansion plan to compete with the existing bank all over the country and with the passage of time the branch network is expanding at a very good pace.
Young and Energetic Workforce
As the bank is a newer one in the country, the bank has an advantage over its competitors because the majority of its workforce is young and not very much over aged. Thus the bank is getting maximum out put from its young and energetic workforce by spending comparatively less on their remunerations.
Islamic Banking Division
The bank is one of the pioneers of the commercial banks who have started the Islamic Banking along with their conventional banking. The bank has a separate network of its Islamic Banking Division which has 16 branches across the country and this network is also expanding at a very good pace.
Weaknesses
Waiver of charges
Currently the middle management of bank Al-Falah is the big reason for waiver of charges. Bank Al-Falah loosing a lot of its income likes (Cheque book charge, online charges, statement charges, and other things) because of management. This is a weakness of bank Al-Falah.
Inexperienced workforce
As the majority of the workforce consists of young professional, they lack in their experience. And sometimes lack of experience becomes a hurdle while serving to the customers. It is the point where they feel difficulty while competing the other bank, which have a very experienced workforce.
Over work Load on Employees
It was observed in the branch that as compared to huge business the bank is dealing in, the no. of employees is lesser and thus there is an increased workload on the employees. Due to this the efficiency of the employees is reduced.
Employees are not very much Motivated
As discussed before, the workload is high and the employees, especially the credit department, have to do late sittings to complete their tasks. On the other hand the bank has revised its salary increments policy to decrease the increment rate, as a result a decreased motivation level of employees is observed.
Opportunities
Rapidly Growing Economy
At present the Pakistan’s Economy is growing on a very fast pace. The rapid growth of economy has resulted in the increase in the growth rate of all economic sectors especially in the banking sector which is growing at a fastest speed than ever and in future the growth is expected to increase even a higher rate.
Increased Interest Rates
The SBP has revised the interest policy and the interest rates have been linked with the KIBOR rates. Due to which the banks interest rate has been substantially increased which will greatly increase the banks’ profitability.
Mega Projects Financing
As the increase in overall business activity in the country, the investors are launching various types of Mega Projects especially in housing and textile the bank has a great opportunity to finance these projects at very profitable term.
Huge Demand for Consumer Financing
The increase in per capita income and overall economy has resulted into a great demand for the consumer financing especially for home finance and car financing and it is said that this trend will increase more in future. The bank can earn a lot by focusing on its consumer financing sections.
Merger with UBL
After the privatization of United Bank Limited, the management of the BAL has purchased the majority shares of the UBL, and it is planning to merge these two banks. As UBL is the second largest bank in the country, this merger can make the bank the largest bank of the country.
Growing Trend of Islamic Banking
There is a very good growth trend in the Islamic banking in the country and in the world as well. BAL has the advantage of having full fledged Islamic Banking network and the growth in this particular field can be very fruitful for the bank.
Spending Practices of Mass
As the Pakistani’s are known for their extravagant practices, and to fulfill their funds requirements they don’t hesitate from getting loans from banks. Thus there is a very good scope for the bank to run successful business in such circumstances.
Threats
Uncertainty of Economy
Although the economy is growing at a good pace, but there are many factors which results in the uncertain position of the economy. Such as political uncertainty, WTO, increase in poverty etc. etc. As a result there are permanent threats of future risks and losses for the bank.
High Rate of Inflation
The inflation rate of the country has gone above the 10%. This can result into an unfavorable situation for the bank. And especially when the ownership of the bank is UAE based, the net spread for them can substantially decrease.
Trend of Mergers
There is a trend of mergers among the banks to become prominent in the market and to get the maximum market share. This trend can result into the union of some leading banks which can give tough time to the bank and it will become difficult for the bank to compete with them.
Privatization of Banks
Due to its privatization policy, the govt. is privatizing the state owned banks. The change in management may result in the increase in the efficiency and productivity of the banks. Thus it can become a threat for the bank.
Risk of Defaults
As discussed earlier that there is a trend of launching mega projects in the country. And every one is involved in this trend without taking any measure for the successfulness of these projects. This can result into the failure of this project which can make it difficult for the banks to recover their funds from these defaulters.
learning and experience
I did my internship in Bank Al-Falah Limited Urdu Bazaar Branch Lahore. This internship started on 10th July and ended on 21st August. It is not a very big branch but only a small retail branch of big giants...
It is a new branch and working there for the customers for almost one year.
First day, I reported to the manager of the branch Mr. Zafar Ullah who gave me brief introduction about the management and working of the branch, he also check my knowledge about banking by taking a little test and interview. He has also taken a Computer Test from. Then he introduced me to the other employees.
Management of the Branch
Staff of the branch consists of 27 members:
DESIGNATION | NO OF EMPLOYEES |
Branch Manger | 01 |
Operation Manager | 01 |
Credit Manager | 01 |
Officer Range I | 05 |
Officer Range II | 05 |
Officer Range III | 02 |
Cashier | 04 |
System Administrator | 01 |
Telephone Operator | 01 |
Gun Man | 03 |
Peons | 03 |
Learning from A/c Opening Department
This Branch is having about 2000 accounts but there was only one officer, Mr. Muhammad Waseem Qaiser to handle this tough work. He has to deal different people.
My experience in this department was really very good. I learnt how to handle different customers, how to fill Account Opening Form, what are the required documents that should be with you in order to open an account, what types of account Bank Al-Falah is offering to the customers, what are the facilities that an account Holder can enjoy and what are the profit rates Bank Al-Falah is giving to its customers.
I have learnt the procedure that an Account Opening Officer has to follow in order to open and maintain an Account.
Learning in Remittance and Clearing Department
There were two officers in this department one was Miss. Hina Naeem Khan and the other was Mr. Nadeem Zahid.
Miss Hina Naeem Khan was handling inward clearing and Outward Clearing. While issuance of other negotiable instruments like Pay Order, Demand Draft, Pay Slip etc, were handled by Mr. Nadeem Zahid.
I worked one week in this department.
In this department I learned that how the transfer of money from one branch to another branch takes place. In this department It was my responsibility for doing following jobs:-
Ø Issuance of Demand draft and their Computer feeding.
Ø Responsibility of DD Advice and its Payment.
Ø Issuance of Telegraphic Transfers and their feeding in Computer.
Ø Payment of IBC (Inward Bills For Collection)
Ø Lodgment of LBC (Local Bills For Collection), OBC (Outward Bills for Collection) and their Realization.
Ø Issuance of CDR (Call Deposit Receipt) and its Computer feeding.
Learning from Accounts & Finance Department
There were two officers in this department; Mr. Atif and Mr. Nouman They have divided their work between them. Mr. Atif handles Reporting and Mr. Nouman handles daily activity checking.
I used to help Mr. Nouman in Daily Activity checking, sorting and counting of vouchers and how to calculate the deprecations of all fixed assets. I learnt from Mr. Atif the items of the Balance Sheet of Bank and saw the format of different reports. He helped me to understand his work. He told me about the reports that he has to prepare & the purpose of those reports. It was one of those Departments in which Customer interaction is not involve rather paper interaction is important.
Learning in Home Finance department
In Home Finance there was one officer – Mr. Kashif. I saw few customers in this department. I learnt what the debt to equity ratio is in Home Finance, how to calculate installment, what are the documents required to get this product, what the eligible criterion is for Home Finance Agreement, and what is the procedure and activities of this department. What are requirement to apply for this Finance, what is that maximum limit.
Learning from Trade Finance
This was a new department in Bank Al-Falah Limited Urdu Bazaar Branch so there was only one officer whose name was Mr. Hafiz Farrukh who had experienced in trade finance. I learnt the different methods of Trade Finance, requirement of importer and exporter before doing import and export and procedure of opening L/C, I read L/C that helped me understand that what things would be included in it. In this department few Customers were seen because this was a new department and it will take time to generate profits for the bank.
Learning in Corporate & SME’s Finance
This department was at second floor of the branch. This department is giving a huge amount of return to the branch. There were two officers Mr. Irfan Ahmad Khan and Mr. Atif. I learnt that which assets could be leased through this department. What are the documents that are required from different type of client like sole proprietorship, Partnership, company and trust. How the risk can be evaluated. Preparations of offer latter, Credit line proposal, approval process, Borrower’s Basic Fact Sheet for SME’s, Financial Statement of applicant.
Learning From the Car Finance Department
One officer in this department, whose name was Mr. Shakeel used to sit the second floor of the branch.
Although the Urdu Bazaar Branch was small but still the demand for financed cars through Bank Al-Falah lead this department to prosperity. This department handles a large number of customers daily and, without overstatement; this department is the third “busiest” department after the Account Opening Department. It requires constant customer interaction and requires high level of intelligence to screen the validity of the customers.
Where as sound marketing skills are required to actually force the walk-in customer to select Al-Falah Car Financing, still stronger skills are needed to scan the incoming customer for validity. I learnt how to face the customers conveniently, how roper files should be maintained, how to apply for a car, what are requirement to apply for this Product, what is that maximum limit, what is the procedure to this department.
conclusion
If I have to express my experience of internship in Bank Al-Falah Limited Urdu Bazaar Branch Lahore I would briefly say:
Bank Al-Falah is a good Organization in the way that anybody can join it for his/ her long-term career. Overall working environment is comfortable. Management of branch cares a lot of its employees and considers them as the Asset of bank. Behavior of senior executive of bank is very polite and they are caring about the individual’s career and their growth.
However management is very demanding about the targets but good reward at the achievement of assigned targets is awarded.
Employees at Bank Al-Falah are quite efficient. As Urdu Bazaar Branch is a new one, its employees have to bring their bank among the list of good banks. Therefore, they work more than their working hours and it is all according to their will. It also shows their loyalty, commitment to organization.
Employees are given the benefits like bonus, gratuity funds, loans, increments, and medical.
All the customers are entertained individually. Same kind of behavior and attention is given to all the customers. Getting ideas for improvement from customer side is a new idea and that is working very well in Bank Al-Falah Ltd. All the customers are asked to fill a suggestion form and the standards of the bank are improved through them.
Prioritizing its product portfolio in line with its corporate and consumer needs and wants the bank is committed to develop products that give more value to its customers in both the sectors.
In bank, all the work is done on computers. All the entries are made in computer. Balance are fed into the computer. This increases efficiency of the bank.
During my internship training I gathered information regarding how a successful bank operational aspect decorticated with the practical.
I found my internship training at Bank Al-Falah Limited Urdu Bazaar Branch Lahore to be a very rewarding experience. The training was beneficial because it helpful me to aware a real life working environment.
So far my learning is concerned; all the employees at branch were quite cooperative. They helped me to understand the activities of a bank to possible extent. Their good attitude gave me more confidence to learn more and to ask if I have any query in my mind. Besides their ever going activities they never get irritant by my questioning. I had made an honest efferent to present the working & operation of Bank Al-Falah Limited Urdu Bazaar Branch Lahore in simplest way.
I feel pleasure that I have really gained a lot during 6 weeks & enjoyed working with experienced cooperative & intelligent staff.
RECOMMENDATIONS
It was an interested experience to do internship in Bank Alfalah Limited. The staff was highly cooperated and due to their help I learned big deal about modern banking.
I suggest that such an internship program highly integrative for the students of commerce education so that the students should be enquired with the knowledge of practice world .I do summarize that it would be a great help to me in selection of job or future field of work.
Here I am putting some suggestions, which will enable the bank to compete with other banks more effectively & efficiently.
Ø It is observed that the employees were overburdened so they have to stay at branch till late at night. In this way their efficiency is affected and hiring more employees can reduce their work.
Ø The employees should be signed jobs for specific period and than they should shifted to other department so that they gain knowledge of other jobs.
Ø Bank Alfalah Limited should properly advertise and Communicate to public about the services provided by it, so that more customers will be attracted.
Ø The bank’s management should give more incentives and pay scale of officers should be revised & improved.
Ø System and operations should be more defined and organized.
Ø IT draw backs should be improved.
Ø Administration drawbacks should be improved by the strict control of general issues.
Ø Audit should be held internally. Rather there should be an Audit Department in the branch to make audit on daily basis. This can become so helpful as different banks are having this department of their own.
Ø Lockers, ATM, all these facilities should be provided to attract more customers.
Ø Expenditures must be control, which are very high.
